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Topic 11 Learning Objectives

Be able to:

Define, compare and contrast, classify, differentiate, put in order, predict using, identify correct and incorrect examples of, identify correct and incorrect interpretations of, identify correct and incorrect applications of…the following terms:   

        gas
        liquid
        solid
        intermolecular forces
        electrostatic interaction
        electrodynamic interaction
        van der Waals forces
        permanent dipole
        instantaneous dipole
        induced dipole
        dipole-dipole forces – Keesom interactions
        dispersion forces – London forces
        hydrogen bonds
         heat of vaporization
        vapor pressure
        boiling point
        surface tension
        viscosity
        the “regional model” of a liquid
        molecular solid
        metallic solid
        ionic solid
        covalent network solid
        melting
         freezing
         vaporization
         condensation
        sublimation
        deposition
        heat of fusion – standard enthalpy of fusion
        heat of vaporization – standard enthalpy of vaporization
        volatility
        equilibrium vapor pressure
        Clausius-Clapeyron equation
        phase diagram
        triple point
        critical point
        critical temperature
        critical pressure
        sublimation curve
        vaporization curve
        melting curve 

Be able to describe how kinetic molecular theory applies to a description of gases, liquids, and solids 

Be able to describe the relationship between state and the balance between kinetic energy and intermolecular forces 

Be able to apply the relationships among state, kinetic energy and intermolecular forces to changes of state accomplished by changing temperature or by changing pressure 

Be able to explain why ionic interactions, hydrogen bonds, and dipole-dipole interactions are electrostatic interactions 

Be able to explain why dispersion forces are electrodynamic interactions 

Be able to describe, compare and contrast the types of intermolecular forces 

Be able to describe the two factors that affect dispersion forces and be able to predict relative strength of dispersion forces for substances from their formula and/or structure 

Be able to describe hydrogen bonds and be able to predict whether or not hydrogen bonds will exist and the relative strength of hydrogen bonding for substances from their formula and/or structure

Be able to identify which intermolecular forces are present in substance from their formula and/or structure 

Explain the relationship between intermolecular forces and the five mentioned properties of liquids 

Be able to rank substances in terms of the five mentioned properties of liquids on the basis of intermolecular forces 

Be able to describe the structure of liquids and the structure of each of the four types of solids 

Be able to describe how the structure of each of the four types of solids explains their physical properties 

Be able to describe how Kinetic Molecular Theory applies to changes of state

Be able to work Clausius-Clapeyron equation problems 

Be able to describe phase diagrams, including the three regions, the critical point and the triple point, the three curves and their application to equilibrium and to liquefaction

Be able to use phase diagram information to predict states and changes of state