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Topic 12 Learning Objectives

Be able to:

Define, compare and contrast, classify, differentiate, put in order, predict using, identify correct and incorrect examples of, identify correct and incorrect interpretations of, identify correct and incorrect applications of…the following terms:   

        solution
        g
      d      crystallization
        soluble
        insoluble
        miscible
        immiscible
        solubility
        saturated solution
        unsaturated solution
        supersaturated solution
   
      Henry’s Law
        molarity
        m
ass percentage of solute
        molality
        mole fraction
        colligative property
        vapor pressure lowering
        Raoult’s Law
        boiling point elevation
        freezing point depression
        osmosis
        osmotic pressure
        van’t Hoff factor 

 

Compare and contrast, and give examples of the three types of solutions based on state

 Describe the solution process in terms of free energy 

Describe the solution process in terms of the three processes involved in the formation of a solution 

Describe the solution process in terms of enthalpy changes, entropy changes, whether a solution will form or not, and whether the solution process will be exothermic or endothermic 

Explain the application of enthalpy changes and entropy changes to the rule, “Like dissolves like.” 

Describe the effects of temperature and pressure on solubility and apply that to the solubility of solids and gases

Work Henry’s Law problems 

Define molarity and describe how to make a solution of a given molarity 

Define mass percentage of solute and describe how to make a solution of a given mass percentage of solute 

Define molality and describe how to make a solution of a given molality

Define mole fraction and describe how to make a solution of a given mole fraction

Convert percent to mole fraction 

Convert molality and mole fraction

Convert molality and molarity

Do vapor pressure lowering and Raoult’s Law problems

Do boiling point elevation problems

Do freezing point depression problems

Use freezing point depression to determine molecular weight and molecular formula

Do osmotic pressure problems

Work colligative property problems for ionic solutions