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TOPIC 1 – MATTER AND MEASUREMENT

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BASICS OF CHEMISTRY

Definition of chemistry
Definition of substance
Definition of matter
Branches of chemistry
Analytical chemistry
Biochemistry
Inorganic chemistry
Organic chemistry
Physical chemistry
Scientific method
Observation
Hypothesis
Experiment
Variable
Independent variable
Dependent variable
Extraneous variables
Controlled variables
Analyze Results
Draw your conclusions
State a law
Propose a model
Provide a theory
Three of the basic laws of chemistry
The law of conservation of mass
The law of constant composition also known as the law of definite proportions
The law of multiple proportions
INTRODUCTION TO MATTER
States of matter
Rigid state - solid
Fluid states of matter
Incompressible state - liquid
Compressible state - gas
Changes in matter
Physical change
Chemical change
Properties of matter
Physical properties
Chemical properties
Substances
Elements
Compounds
Mixtures
Homogeneous mixture
Heterogeneous mixture
Methods of separating mixtures
THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (SI) OF MEASUREMENT
UNCERTAINTY IN MEASUREMENT
Precision and accuracy
Random and systematic errors
Significant digits
Identifying significant digits
Significant digits in calculations
TEMPERATURE CONVERSIONS
DENSITY CALCULATIONS
DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS
One-step and two-step conversions
Conversions involving units that are ratios
Conversions from cubic volume to volume